What is meant by "friable" asbestos?

The term "friable" asbestos refers to asbestos that can be easily crumbled or pulverized, which can lead to the release of asbestos fibers into the air. This characteristic is critical because when asbestos fibers become airborne, they pose a significant risk to health, as inhalation can lead to serious diseases such as asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma.

In contrast, asbestos that is embedded in solid materials is generally considered less hazardous because it is less likely to release fibers. Treated asbestos, such as that which has been sealed with a sealant, is also less likely to become airborne and therefore less of a risk. Additionally, the location of the asbestos—whether in residential or non-residential buildings—does not define its friability. The key factor is its ability to become airborne, which underscores the importance of recognizing and managing friable asbestos in any environment.